When using resources for research papers and assignments, you must give credit to the sources and where you obtained them. When citing your sources be sure to follow the correct citation format required by your instructor.  Listed below are examples of how to cite commonly used sources using the American Psychological Association (APA) documentation style.  Not all types of sources are listed below. The full APA format is available in a book, Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th ed., located in the library.  Additional information can be found in The Little, Brown Compact Handbook, also found in the library and used by TTC's English Department, or by visiting The Owl at Purdue, Purdue University’s Writing Center, found at http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/545/01/.  The following examples are taken from The Little, Brown Compact Handbook: Custom Third Edition for Trident Technical College by Jane E. Aaron, adopted by TTC English Faculty

BOOKS

A book with one author

Rodriguez, R. (1982). A hunger of memory: The education of Richard Rodriguez.

      Boston: Godine.

A book with two to six authors

Nesselroade, J. R., & Baltes, P. B. (1999). Longitudinal research in the study of behaviorial

     development. New York: Academic Press.

A book with an editor

Dohrenwend, B. S., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (Eds.). (1999). Stressful life events: Their nature

      and effects. New York: Wiley.

An article or chapter in an edited book

Paykel, E. S. (1999). Life stress and psychiatric disorder: Applications of the

     clinical approach. In B. S. Dohrenwend & B. P. Dohrenwend (Eds.), Stressful

     life events: Their nature and effects (pp. 239-264). New York: Wiley.

PERIODICALS: JOURNALS, MAGAZINES, NEWSPAPERS

An article in a journal that pages issues separately

Dacey, J. (1998). Management participation in corporate buy-outs. 

     Perspectives, 7(4), 20-31. 

An article in a magazine

William, N. (2005, October 24). Beethoven's late quartets. The New York 

     Review of Books, 16-19.

An article in a newspaper

Kolata, G. (2006, January 7). Kill all the bacteria! The New York Times,

     pp. B1, B6.

INTERNET CITATIONS/ELECTRONIC RESOURCES

A journal article retrieved from an electronic database  (i.e. Expanded Academic, Health Reference 
Center Academic, Proquest)

Wilkins, J. M. (1999). The myths of the only child. Psychology Update, 11(1),

     16-23. Retrieved December 20, 2005, from ProQuest Direct database.

Entire electronic book retrieved from database (i.e. NetLibrary)

Segrin, C., & Flora, J. (2005). Family communication. North Charleston, SC: Trident

     Technical College Library. Retrieved May 8, 2008, from netLibrary. 

Legal case from LexisNexis

US case:

Burton v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. 397 F.3d 906 (US Ct. App. 2005). Online. LexisNexis Academic. http://web.lexis-

     nexis.com/universe/ Accessed 1 July 2005.

State case:

The State v. Long.  363 S.C. 360; 610 S.E.2d 809 (2005). Online. LexisNexis Academic. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/

     Accessed 1 July 2005.

An article in an online (only) journal

Wissink, J. A. (2004). Techniques of smoking cessation among teens and adults.  Adolescent

     Medicine, 2. Retrieved August 16, 2005, from http://www.easu.edu/

     AdolescentMedicine/2-Wissink.html  

An online government report

U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information 

     Administration.  (2005, February). A nation online: Entering the broadband age.

     Retrieved January 22, 2006, from http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html

A part of an online document

Elston, C. (n.d.). Logical/math intelligence. In Multiple intelligences. Retrieved June 6, 

     2005, from http://education.com/teachspace/intelligences/logical.jsp

Private or personal web site / email

Private or personal websites and email are considered forms of personal communication and usually not listed in the reference list unless they can be retrieved by others.  They can be cited IN THE TEXT as follows:

At least one member of the research team has expressed reservations about the design of the study (L. Kogod, personal communication, February 6, 2006).

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For additional information on APA citations see the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th edition located in the Reference section of the library( REF) or visit the Association's online assistance at http://www.apastyle.org/

For tips and frequently asked questions on APA citations click here.
http://www.apastyle.org/previoustips.html